How can properties of iron be changed

Jul 5, Carbon gives iron hardness by distorting its crystal lattice. Explanation: In a perfect crystal, the metallic bonds are so strong that a lot of force must be applied to make it deform permanently.

That's why pure iron is relatively "soft". The carbon atoms are slightly too large to fit perfectly into the interstices. They introduce imperfections in the crystal layer. It becomes harder for the layers to slide past each other, and the iron becomes harder. Relatively cheap. Car bodies and machinery. Hard, does not rust. Quite expensive. Cutlery, surgical instruments. Hard, resistant to high temperatures. Steel is the best known alloy of iron, and some of the forms that iron takes include: pig iron, cast iron, carbon steel, wrought iron, alloy steels, iron oxides.

Iron is believed to be the tenth most abundant element in the universe. Iron is also the most abundant by mass, Most of this iron is found in various iron oxides, such as the minerals hematite, magnetite, and taconite. The earth's core is believed to consist largely of a metallic iron-nickel alloy. Iron is essential to almost living things, from micro-organisms to humans. World production of new iron is over million tonnes a year, and recycled iron add other million tonnes.

Economically workable reserves of iron ores exceed billion tonnes. Iron can be found in meat, whole meal products, potatoes and vegetables. Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas - this is a chemical property. The more general term for rusting and other similar processes is corrosion. Other terms that are commonly used in descriptions of chemical changes are burn, rot, explode, decompose, and ferment. Chemical properties are very useful in identifying substances.

However, unlike physical properties, chemical properties can only be observed as the substance is in the process of being changed into a different substance. Physical properties include color, density, hardness, and melting and boiling points. A chemical property describes the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.

To identify a chemical property, we look for a chemical change. A chemical change always produces one or more types of matter that differ from the matter present before the change. The formation of rust is a chemical change because rust is a different kind of matter than the iron, oxygen, and water present before the rust formed. Learning Objectives To separate physical from chemical properties.

Physical Property A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.