More importantly, however, it returned Russian lands to private landholders, representing a move away from the reorganisation of land into the hated collective farms. Farmers now had the option to sell some of their produce, rather than it being seized by the state without compensation. Answered by Charlie S. Need help with History? This group of refugees had a leader, an old, gaunt, tall, and white-bearded figure right out of a Tolstoy novel. He told us how long they had been waiting there on the banks of the Volga, and how many had died waiting.
He took us to the adjoining field where the dead were buried, each tomb decently identified with some primitive wooden marker. About as many in that community had died as now survived, and the death rate was increasing.
In a short time all would be dead. The children were the most heart-rending, with their pallid faces and swollen bellies. It needed no expert eye to know that they were doomed to die.
The adults were little more vigorous. The old white-bearded patriarch with whom we talked stood erect and carried himself with dignity, but he did it from spiritual, not physical, stamina. All in all, it was a terrible spectacle, the like of which I expect never to see again. What made the plight of these people both tragic and - if I may use the word - beautiful was the fact that in a field within plain view of the little community was a great mound of sacks filled with grain and guarded by a single soldier, who marched back and forth with a rifle at his shoulder.
This was seed grain for the spring. I asked the patriarch why he and his hungry people did not overpower the soldier and bring their fast to an end. He replied, "That is seed grain. We do not steal from the future. These might be the most wretched peasants to be seen anywhere in the world. But they had a sense of right for which, as they themselves knew, they might have to die, and would do so without question.
We went back to the boat, got the bread and cheese we had purchased at the Samara market, and handed them over to the patriarch. The courtesy with which lie thanked us was exemplary. His refugees started stampeding him, and he ordered them back with a word. Mothers kneeled to express their blessing to us. It was almost unbearable, for the amount of food we gave them was negligible; it would not change the death rate by a fraction. The essential feature of N. In consequence it offered a great stimulus to production.
It brought other important changes such as the introduction of piece-work, a sealed system of wages, income and other taxes, and of course payment for public services like street-cars, trains, theatres, and so forth, which had been nominally free before. Glaza, H. Glaza, Helene M. The newsletter highlights recent selections from the journal and useful tips from our blog. Inquiries Journal provides undergraduate and graduate students around the world a platform for the wide dissemination of academic work over a range of core disciplines.
Representing the work of students from hundreds of institutions around the globe, Inquiries Journal 's large database of academic articles is completely free. Learn more Blog Submit. Disclaimer: content on this website is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to provide medical or other professional advice. Moreover, the views expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of Inquiries Journal or Student Pulse, its owners, staff, contributors, or affiliates.
Forgot password? Reset your password ». By Helene M. Glaza , Vol. Cite References Print. Alfred G. Helene M. From the Inquiries Journal Blog. History » Soviet Union. Economics » Economic Policy. Political Science » Economic Policy. Monthly Newsletter Signup The newsletter highlights recent selections from the journal and useful tips from our blog.
Follow us to get updates from Inquiries Journal in your daily feed. When Lenin ushered in the New Economic Policy in August , many Bolsheviks and their sympathizers lost faith in the Soviet government.
MORE ». The Soviet nationality policy for Central Asia in the early twentieth century was an acceleration of the processes of modernization that the Russian Empire had already begun. However, building socialism in a region where no working class existed and intellectuals based their knowledge primarily on religious texts presented inherent After years of economic downturn and recovery, the debate over stimulus packages and countercyclical policy continues globally.
Proponents of such policies claim that the various stimulus packages and policy initiatives around the globe helped bring about quicker recovery, while opponents claim that in many cases these policies Follow IJ. Latest in History. While the Cold War is popularly regarded as a war of ideological conflict, to consider it solely as such does the long-winded tension a great disservice. In actuality, the Cold War manifested itself in numerous areas of life, including the various General unrest erupted in an insurrection in the Kronstadt naval base.
At this time Mar. The new program signified a return to a limited capitalist system. Forced requisition of grain was replaced by a specific tax in kind; peasants could retain excess produce and sell it for a profit.
0コメント